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These improved facilities include connection to a public
sewer, a septic system pour flush latrine, simple pit latrine
and ventilated improved pit latrine. Therefore disposal of
human excreta in a safe, hygienic and scientific manner is
integral part of rural sanitation.
The programme of construction of toilets in this project
is linked to making people aware of, sanitation standards
and the adverse health impacts of unsanitary conditions. The
idea is develop the habit of using toilets.
Scarcity of water has been identified as one of the major
factor that has impeded the growth of effective implementation
of a rural sanitation programme.
In light of this fact construction of twin pit compost toilet
has been planned which would be eco friendly, technically
appropriate, socio-culturally acceptable and economically
affordable.
These toilets consists of a pan with a steep slope of 250-280
and especially designed trap with 20mm water seal requiring
only 1.5-2 litres of water for flushing thus helping conserve
water. It is connected to two pits of varying size and capacity
depending on the number of users. The capacity of each pit
is normally designed for 3 years’ usage. Both pits are
used alternately. When one pit is full, the incoming excreta
is diverted into the second pit. In about two years, the sludge
gets digested and is almost dry and pathogens free thus safe
for handling as manure. Digested sludge is odourless, a good
manure and soil conditioner
2 pit toilets would be constructed in both, in schools and
in each household with community’s contribution
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Twin Pit water seal toilets
Source: Sulabh International |
Advantages of twin pit compost toilets:
 Free from
health hazards and does not pollute surface or groundwater
Needs only
1.5-2 litres of water
Design and
specifications can be specified
Pit where
filled up, gets converted to manure after 1-11/2 Yrs
Can be connected
to sewer where available
Different models of compost toilet are available which can
be chosen by the community depending upon its affordability
and their need. Some of them are:
Substructure: Mud platform plastered in cement mortar1: 4
cement plastered pan, cement trap and brick plastered foot
rests, Pit lining: Tar drum, Pit cover-compacted soil over
thatch and logs.
Superstructure: Jute all round the toilet on bamboo frame1800mm
high and jute purdah on door opening.
Users: 5
Capacity of each pit: 2 Yrs
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| Source: Sulabh International |
Superstructure: Dry brick ballast in foundation, brick work
in mud mortar, flooring of 12mm thick 1:4 cement plaster over
75mm dry brick ballsast, cement mosaic pan, cement trap and
brick plastered foot rests.
Pit lining - Brick work 75mm in cement mortar1:6 , Pit cover-50mm
thick
Substructure: Thatch wall with thatch roof on bamboo frame
and jute purdah on door opening 1800mm high.
Users: 5
Capacity of each pit: 2 Yrs
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| Source: Sulabh International |
Substructure: Dry brick ballast in foundation , brick work
in mud mortar, flooring of 12mm thick 1:4 cement plaster over
75mm dry brick ballast, cement mosaic pan, cement and brick
plastered foot rests.
Pit lining-Brick work 115mm in cement mortar 1:6, Pit cover-50mm
thick
Superstructure: 115mm thick brick work in 1:6 cement mortar
1500mm high and jute curtains on door opening 1800mm high.
Sub structure: Cement concrete 1:6:12 in foundation, brick
work in 1:6 cement mortar, flooring in 1:4 cement plaster
over 75mm dry brick ballast, cement mosaic pan, cement trap
and brick plastered foot rests.
Pit lining-Brick work 75mm in cement mortar 1:6 cement mortar
Superstructure: 115mm thick brick wall in 1:6 cement mortar,
Corrugated sheet, holes in brick work for ventilation and
jute purdah 1800mm high. Inside whitewash and outside colour
wash.
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